INSTRUCTIONS
for OPERATORS

1. Billing typewriter combined with a compact calculating keyboard.
2. Automatic alignment of dollars under dollars and cents under cents - no decimal tabulating keys to select and depress.
3. Extensions are computed by direct multiplication - not repeated addition.
4. Fractions are added or multiplied as easily as whole numbers.
5. Error key is used for correction of amounts before printing and calculating, and also for restoring result keys incorrectly depressed.
6. Full cent feature takes advantage of half cent or over.
7. The long line above the total is printed by a single key depression - saves five operations.
8. Totals are accumulated automatically and printed by the operation of the total key - not copied, figure by figure, from dials.
9. Discounts are quickly and easily calculated.
10. By the touch of a key, the carriage is electrically returned to the starting point and the paper is automatically spaced up for the next line of writing.
11. Freight or other allowances are calculated and either added or subtracted.
12. Net amount is accumulated automatically and printed by the operation of the total key - not copied, figure by figure, from dials.

The Burroughs Computing-Billing Machine has several departments which are so co-ordinated that they form one complete, compact, versatile billing machine.

The Calculating Sections

Register No.1 active

There are five sections in the Calculating unit of the standard machine, namely: the Multiplier-Subtractor, the Crossfooter, and three Accumulating Registers.

The Multiplier-Subtractor - The Multiplier-Subtractor is not an adding, or accumulating register, but indexes the subtrahend for subtraction, or one of the factors for multiplication.
Amounts are indexed in the Multiplier-Subtractor by setting up the figures on the Red keys and depressing the Extend key and the Motor Bar. An amount in a Register may be indexed in the Multiplier-Subtractor by depressing the Register Total and Extend keys, then the Motor Bar.

The Crossfooter - The Crossfooter may be used for adding horizontally or vertically. The results of multiplying or subtracting enter directly into this section of the machine. The answer, whether of addition, subtraction or multiplication, may be printed by the use of one of the Product keys.
Amounts are added in the Crossfooter by setting up the figures on the Red keys and holding the Add Crossfooter key depressed while operating the Motor Bar. An amount in a Register may be added in the Crossfooter by depressing the Register Total key and holding down the Add Crossfooter key while the Motor Bar is operated.
The Multiplier-Subtractor and the Crossfooter are always in active position.

The Accumulating Registers - The three Registers are used for adding figures set up on the Red keys or for accumulating amounts which are automatically transferred from the Crossfooter. The Register Total key is used for totaling any Register.
An amount set up on the Red keys adds in the active Register when the Motor Bar is operated, unless the Add Crossfooter, Extend or Non-add key has also been depressed.
An amount in the Crossfooter may be transferred to the active Register by depressing the Final Product key and the Motor Bar.

Capacities-The largest amount that can be entered in the machine and the largest total that may be printed is 9 999 999 999.

Register No.2 active

The Keyboard and Other Controls

1. Tabulate Bar - Depressing this bar causes the carriage to tabulate to the next stop position.

2. Subtract Key - Subtraction is performed by this key. The larger amount is added in the Crossfooter by setting it up on the Red keys and holding down the Add Crossfooter key while operating the Motor Bar. The amount to be subtracted is indexed in the (Multiplier)-Subtractor by setting it up on the Red keys, depressing the Extend key and the Motor Bar. The Subtract key is then operated. Depressing the Final Product key and the Motor Bar prints the difference and transfers it to the active Register.
An amount may be subtracted from the active Register by indexing it in the (Multiplier)-Subtractor, operating the Subtract key, then depressing the Final Product key and operating the Motor Bar. The Non-Print key should be held down while the Motor Bar is operated.

3. Register Total Key - This key is the total key for any Register. Depressing this key and operating the Motor Bar prints the amount and clears the active Register.
If the Register Total key is held down while the Motor Bar is operated, and then restored with the Error key, it acts as a Sub-Total key for the Register, printing the amount but not clearing the register.
Depressing the Register Total and Extend keys together and then operating the Motor Bar, clears the active Register, prints the amount and indexes it in the Multiplier-Subtractor.
Depressing the Register Total key and holding down the Add Crossfooter key while the Motor Bar is operated, clears the active Register, prints the amount and transfers it to the Crossfooter.

4. Extend Key - To index an amount in the Multiplier-Subtractor, the amount is set up on the Red keys, the Extend key is depressed and the Motor Bar is operated. The amount thus indexed in the Multiplier-Subtractor may be subtracted from an amount in the Crossfooter by depressing the Subtract key, or the amount indexed may be multiplied by another amount by using the Multiplying keys.
A second amount cannot be indexed in the Multiplier-Subtractor until the first amount has been cleared out by depressing the Final Product key and the Motor Bar. The Extend key is locked if the Multiplier-Subtractor is not clear.
An amount may he added in the active Register at the same time it is indexed in the Multiplier Subtractor if the machine is set to "Add on Extend." (See paragraph 34.)
By depressing the Register Total and Extend keys together, and operating the Motor Bar the active Register is cleared, the amount is printed and at the same time is indexed in the Multiplier-Subtractor.
The Extend key should never be held down while the Motor Bar is operated. If held down the amount will not be indexed in the Multiplier-Subtractor.

5. Fraction-Add Crossfooter Key - This key has three separate uses:

1. It is used to add tenth fractions. By holding down the Fraction-(Add Crossfooter) key while a Red Numeral key, representing a fraction, is depressed, the fraction is set up, and it is added when the Motor Bar is operated. Register No. 1 must be in active position when it is desired to print fractions. Fractions can be added only in Register No. 1 and in the Crossfooter.
   
2. It is used to add amounts in the Crossfooter. After an amount is set up on the Red keys, holding down the (Fraction)-Add Crossfooter key while the Motor Bar is operated will cause the amount to add in the Crossfooter.
   By depressing the Register Total key and holding down the (Fraction)-Add Crossfooter key while operating the Motor Bar, an amount in the active Register is transferred to the Crossfooter.
   
3. The third use of the Fraction-Add Cross- footer key is in combination with the Non-Add key. (See following paragraph.)

6. Non-Add Key(small steel key behind Fraction-Add Crossfooter key) - An amount set up on the Red keys may be printed without adding in any of the registers. This is done by holding down the Non-Add key in conjunction with the Add Crossfooter key while operating the Motor Bar.

7. First Product Key - This is the total key for the Crossfooter. It does not transfer the amount to the Register, and does not clear the Multiplier-Subtractor. If the key is held down while the machine operates, it prints a sub-total of the Crossfooter, that is, it prints the total but retains it in the Crossfooter. It is then restored with the Error key.
In case the machine is equipped with the optional feature "Add on First Product," this key functions as a Transfer Total key, transferring the amount from the Crossfooter to the active register. It does not clear the Multiplier-Subtractor, however.

8. Final Product Key - This key clears the Multiplier-Subtractor and the Crossfooter, prints the amount which is in the Crossfooter, and transfers it to the active Register.
If this key is held down while the Motor Bar is operated, it clears the Multiplier-Subtractor, prints but retains the amount in the Crossfooter, and transfers the amount to the active Register. The Final Product key is then restored with the Error key. This is called a sub-transfer total of the Crossfooter.

9. Shift Key-Non-Print -This key has two functions when depressed:

1. It shifts the carriage so that the upper characters of the typewriter keys may be printed.
   
2. It prevents the printing of amounts by the calculating section of the machine.

10. Shift Lock - This key locks the Shift key in a depressed position. Touching the Shift key releases it.

11. Margin Key Lock - The Margin Release key, when depressed, remains down until restored by depression of the Margin Key Lock.

12. Ribbon Shift Key - This key is used to shift the ribbon from black to red.

13. Ribbon Shift Lock - The Ribbon Shift key may be locked into shift position with this button.

14. Margin Release Key - When it is desired to print to the left of the usual margin, depressing the Margin Release key releases the Releasable Margin Block and permits the carriage to pass the Releasable Margin Block until stopped by the Margin Block.

15. Typewriter Keyboard - The typewriter is used for writing headings, description and other data.

16. Register Trip Key - Registers No. 2 and No. 3 may be tripped into active position by pressing this key. (See pages 4 and 5.)

17. Register Indicator -The position of the pointer indicates which one of the three Registers is in active position.

18. Back Spacer - Depressing this key moves the carriage one space to the right.

19. Point-off Key - When the factors in a multiplication contain decimals, each depression of this key moves the decimal point in the answer one place to the left. The maximum of places that can be pointed off is the same as the number ot Multiplying keys which have been depressed in multiplying.

20. Decimal-discount Key - One depression of this key points off as many places as there were Multiplying keys depressed. It is always used to point off after multiplying by a discount or a decimal which does not have a whole number preceding the decimal point.

21. Line Key - One stroke of this key prints a line five spaces long. It is used immediately before printing the total under a column of figures.

22. Carriage Return Key - Depressing this key causes the carriage to return to the starting point and automatically space up the paper to the next writing line.

23. Typewriter Space Bar - This is used for moving the carriage one space to the left.

24. The Red Keys - These keys are used for setting up amounts to be added either in the Crossfooter or in one of the Registers. They are also used in conjunction with the Extend key for indexing amounts in the Multiplier-Subtractor.

25. Multiplying Keys - After one factor is indexed for multiplication (Red keys-Extend key), the Multiplying keys are depressed for the other factor. The machine automatically enters the result of the multiplication into the Crossfooter.

26. Space Motor Bar - Depressing this bar operates the machine and spaces the paper. If the machine does not have this bar, spacing from the regular motor bar is obtained by turning up the vertical adding machine space lever.

27. Motor Bar - Depressing the Motor Bar causes the machine to operate but does not space the paper.

28. Error Key - An amount set up on the Red keys in error may be cancelled before operating the Motor Bar by using the Error key. The Error key will also restore the Extend, First Product, Final Product, or Register Total key.

29. Full Cent Bar - If the result of a multiplication contains a fraction of a cent amounting to five mills or more, depressing the Full Cent bar increases the fraction to a whole figure. If the result of a multiplication contains a fraction of less than five mills, depressing the Full Cent bar has no effect on the result. This bar should be used after a multiplication involving a fraction in the quantity or the price, or whenever the Point-off or Decimal-discount key is depressed.
The Full Cent bar should never be used when the result is to be printed with Register No. 1 in active position as fractions print and add when that register is active.

Controls on Left Side of Machine

30. Spacing Pawl - See paragraph 31.

31. Carriage Return Spacing Cams - When the carriage returns by the depression of the Carriage Return key, the paper automatically spaces up. This is caused by the spacing pawl (30) passing over the spacing cams. Double spacing is obtained when both spacing cams are turned up. If only single spacing is required, one cam is turned down, as in the illustration.
In order to space automatically, it is necessary for the carriage to travel far enough to permit the pawl to pass the spacing cams.

32. Vertical Adding Machine Space Lever - See paragraph 26.

33. Ribbon Adjustment - After a portion of the ribbon becomes worn, it may be shifted with this adjustment so that the entire width of the ribbon may he utilized.

34. Non-add and Add on Extend - This lever, located on the left side of the machine, is usually set for "Non-add on Extend." If it is desired to accumulate a total of amounts as they are indexed in the Multiplier-Subtractor, the lever should be set to "Add on Extend." When this is done, amounts indexed in the Multiplier-Subtractor from the Red keys add in the active Register. If the lever is set to "Add on Extend" and it is desired to non-add an amount indexed in the Multiplier-Subtractor, the Non-add key must be held down while the Motor Bar is operated. (See paragraph 6.)

The Carriage

1. Paper Release - Depressing the rear Paper Release lever releases the pressure rolls so that the paper can be adjusted. The front lever, when depressed alone, locks the Paper Release mechanism in released position. To unlock, the rear lever must be pressed.

2. Margin Block - The Margin Block is generally used in invoicing to stop the carriage at the left margin. The carriage cannot pass the Margin Block.

3. Releasable Margin Block - This block is used to stop the carriage at the left margin. Depressing the Margin Release key permits the carriage to pass the Releasable Margin Block until stopped by the Margin Block (2). The Margin Release key is locked in active position until released by depressing the Margin Key Lock key. The Releasable Margin Block is inoperative when the small lever at the front of it is depressed and latched in position. On some machines it is made inoperative by raising and turning a knurled knob at the top of the block. The Releasable Margin Block should be set (gauging from its right side) four spaces to the right of the position desired, as indicated on the Front Scale (12-13).

4. Tabulator Stops - These can be set to stop the carriage at any point when it is tabulated. The scale on the tabulator stop bar corresponds with the Front Scale (12).

5. Register Trip Pawl - See Register Trips (6).

6. Register Trips - When a Register Trip strikes the Register Trip Pawl (5) as the carriage tabulates, the next Register, No. 2 or No. 3, is automatically shifted into active position.

7. Control Bar - On this bar are located the Margin Block, the Releasable Margin Block, and the Register Trips.

8. Adding Machine Space Control - The position of this control determines whether the Platen spaces up one or two spaces when the Space Motor Bar is operated. If it is pushed in, as in the illustration, the Platen turns up one space. When it is pulled out, the Platen turns up two spaces.

9. Carriage Release - Depressing this lever permits free movement of the carriage by hand.

10. Platen Lift - This is used for raising or lowering the platen.

11. Paper Fingers - These fingers hold the paper smoothly against the Platen. They are movable for different widths of paper. Small pointers on the sides of the paper fingers indicate the position of the writing line.

12-13. Front Scale and Pointers - This scale corresponds to a scale under the Platen (not illustrated) and with the scale on the Tabulator Stop Bar. The right-hand Pointer (13) indicates the typewriter printing position; the left-hand Pointer indicates the printing position of the units of cents of the calculating mechanism.

14. Platen - This provides a writing surface.

15. Platen Space Lever - This may be used to return the carriage to the right, by hand, at the same time spacing up the paper either one or two spaces, according to the position of the Typewriter Space Control (16). The Carriage Return key eliminates the necessity of using the Platen Space Lever after completing a line of invoicing.

16. Typewriter Space Control - The position of this control determines whether the platen spaces up one or two spaces when the Platen Space Lever (15) is used. When it is rearward as in the illustration the Platen turns up one space; when forward the Platen turns up two spaces.

17. Variable Line Spacer - By pulling out the Variable Line Spacer, the Platen may be turned a fraction of a regular space.

There are numerous additional features with which the Burroughs Computing Machine may be equipped for efficiently handling special types of figure problems involving multiplication. The following are a few of the most commonly used features which affect the operating instructions in this book: